The gingiva (or gums) is the tissue that surrounds and protects the teeth and underlying bone. The gingiva is attached to the tooth, forming a seal that protects the underlying bone and helps provide a barrier against infection.
What is the role of gingiva?
The gingiva surrounds the teeth and the marginal parts of the alveolar bone, forming a cuff around each tooth. It can be divided into the free gingiva, which is closely adapted to the tooth surface, and the attached gingiva, which is firmly attached to the underlying periosteum of the alveolar bone (Figs 4.3, 4.4).
What does the gingiva protect?
The gingiva is a special mucosa that protects the attachment of your tooth to the bone of your jaw. When it is healthy, gingiva is pinkish in color and stippled on its surface owing to something called “keratin.” Unattached mucosa is not a keratinized tissue.
What is the gingiva?
Listen to pronunciation. (JIN-jih-vuh) The tissue of the upper and lower jaws that surrounds the base of the teeth. Also called gums.What are the characteristics of gingiva?
Healthy gingiva is described as ‘salmon’ or ‘coral pink’. It may be pigmented, which reflects the ethnic origin of the subject. The gingiva is firm in consistency and firmly attached to the underlying alveolar bone. The surface of gingiva is keratinised and may exhibit an orange peel appearance, called ‘stippling’.
What is the function of the free gingiva?
Gingival Structure, Function, and the Latest Research The gingiva (or gums) is the tissue that surrounds and protects the teeth and underlying bone. The gingiva is attached to the tooth, forming a seal that protects the underlying bone and helps provide a barrier against infection.
What is the function of alveolar bone?
Alveolar bone is that part of the maxilla and mandible which supports the teeth by forming the “other” attachment for fibres of the periodontal ligament (Fig. 1.148).
What Innervates the gingiva?
The innervation of the oral gingiva is unique because all the nerves supplying the gingival mucosa originate from the mandibular and maxillary branches of the trigeminal nerve (CN V).What is the alveolar process?
The alveolar process is the horizontal portion of the maxilla that holds the tooth roots. b. Alveoli for the tooth roots are present all along the alveolar process, except where these have been resorbed following the loss of teeth.
What is alveolar mucosa?Alveolar mucosa is the soft, thin mucous membrane that sits above the marginal gingiva and the attached gingiva, and continues across the floor of the mouth, cheeks, and lips.
Article first time published onWhat are the cells of gingiva?
4 Gingival Stem Cells. The gingival tissue is composed of both epithelial and mesenchymal cells, and MSC-like cells have been cultured from gingival tissue (Fournier et al., 2010; Hsu, Huang, & Feng, 2012; Mitrano et al., 2010; Widera et al., 2009).
What is the clinical significance of the gingival sulcus?
Gingival sulcus: V-shaped crevice that surrounds each tooth, bounded by tooth on one side and epithelium lining free margin of gingiva on the other. Sulcus is ideal for bacteria; it is resistant to the cleaning action of saliva. Gingival fluid (sulcular fluid) is a rich nutrient source for microorganisms.
What is the junction of the lips and the gingiva called?
A mucogingival junction is an anatomical feature found on the intraoral mucosa. The mucosa of the cheeks and floor of the mouth are freely moveable and fragile, whereas the mucosa around the teeth and on the palate are firm and keratinized.
What color is gingiva?
What color is the human gingiva? It is frequently described as “coral pink” and is dependent upon the thickness of epithelium, the degree of keratinization, the magnitude of pigmentation, and the underlying vascularization1.
What is the shape of gingiva?
In health, the marginal gingiva follows the scalloped pattern established by the contour of the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) of the teeth. The part of the gingival tissue that fills in the triangular-shaped spaces between the teeth is the interdental papilla.
Why gingiva is scalloped?
Thin gingival tissue is associated with a thin band of the keratinized tissue, scalloped gingival contour suggestive of thin bony architecture and is more sensitive to inflammation and trauma.
What is the function of alveolar ridge?
1 : the bony ridge or raised thickened border of the upper or lower jaw that contains the sockets of the teeth : alveolar process It is common for many of the teeth to be displaced from the alveolar ridge into the palate.
What does the alveolar ridge do?
The alveolar ridge is an extension of the maxilla (the upper part of the jaw) and the mandible (the lower part of the jaw) and is a bony ridge that holds the sockets of the teeth. The alveolar ridge is a critical anatomical structure for healthy teeth and successful dental implants.
What is alveolar in dentistry?
The alveolar process, which is also called the alveolar bone, is the thick ridge of bone which contains the tooth sockets. The alveolar bone is located on the jaw bones which hold the teeth. In humans, these bones that contain the teeth are the maxilla and the mandible.
What is gingival epithelium?
Gingival epithelium consists of three regions: oral gingival epithelium (OGE), sulcular epithelium (SE) and Junctional epithelium (JE). JE is a specialized gingival epithelium locating at the junction of periodontal soft tissue and hard tissue, and attaching to the crown or root like a collar.
What is gingival zenith?
The gingival zenith is the most apical aspect of free gingival margin. The purpose of this study was to quantify some clinical parameters useful as esthetic guidelines when gingival contour is modified and to compare the left and right sides of six maxillary anterior teeth.
Why is it called alveolar bone?
The term alveolar (‘hollow’) refers to the cavities of the tooth sockets, known as dental alveoli. The alveolar process is also called the alveolar bone or alveolar ridge. The curved portion is referred to as the alveolar arch. The alveolar bone proper, also called bundle bone, directly surrounds the teeth.
What is the difference between alveoli and alveolus?
What is the difference between Alveoli and Alveolus? The only difference between alveoli and alveolus is that alveolus is the singular word of alveoli.
What is the difference between the alveolus and the alveolar process?
1. Alveoli are composed of epithelial layers and extracellular matrix enclosed in capillaries while alveolar sacs are the distal ends of alveolar ducts. 2. The alveoli sacs are formed by a group or cluster of alveoli, and it is there where they communicate while the alveoli are made up of collagen and elastic fibers.
What is the blood supply to the gingiva?
Consequently, the submental artery can be considered the main arterial blood supply to the floor of the mouth and mandibular lingual gingiva.
What is the alveolar nerve?
The superior alveolar nerves are all branches of the maxillary nerve, which is the second branch of the trigeminal nerve. … The inferior alveolar nerve, which is small in length, is a branch of the mandibular nerve, which is the third branch of the trigeminal nerve.
What is difference between gum and gingiva?
gum, also called gingiva, plural gingivae, in anatomy, connective tissue covered with mucous membrane, attached to and surrounding the necks of the teeth and adjacent alveolar bone. Before the erupting teeth enter the mouth cavity, gum pads develop; these are slight elevations of the overlying oral mucous membrane.
What are the parts of gingiva?
The gingiva is composed of fibrous tissue covered by mucous membrane that is firmly attached to the periosteum of the alveolar processes of the mandible and maxilla. The lower gingiva includes the mucosa covering the mandible from the gingival-buccal gutter to the origins of the mobile mucosa on the floor of the mouth.
Where is the gingiva located?
The gingiva (gums) are found in the oral cavity of humans surrounding part of their teeth. They are comprised of mucosal tissue which covers the alveolar processes of the mandible and maxilla and finish at each tooth’s neck.
What is the Retromolar Trigone?
(reh-troh-MOH-ler TRY-gone) The small area behind the wisdom teeth. Enlarge. Anatomy of the oral cavity.
What is gingival plexus?
The Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF) is a serum like fluid that is formed from the post capillary venules of the Dentogingival Plexus which is a dense network of blood vessels within the gingival connective tissue that is sub-adjacent to the junctional epithelium.
